This lesson introduces a new conditional form, the -ば or えば form, and its equivalent for nouns, なら.
Morphology
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The conditional form – verbs
The conditional form of Japanese of verbs is constructed differently depending on whether the verb is a -ru, -u or irregular verb
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The conditional form – い adjectives
The conditional form of an い adjective is made by simply changing the final い to ければ
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The conditional form – な adjectives
The conditional form of an な adjective is made by simply changing the final な to なら
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The conditional form – nouns
The conditional form of the copula is なら
Structures
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[Predicate:conditional], [predicate]
A predicate in the conditional verb form describes a condition that if it is fulfilled, a second predicate, the result, will happen.
Usage
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ボタンを押せば、コーヒーが出ます。
To describe what is needed for a certain event to take place future.
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お金があれば、何でもできるね。
The conditional form can be used to show general truths and beliefs, and is often used in proverbs.
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大阪へ行けば、たこ焼きをたべています。
The conditional form can be used for a condition that happens often, and always has the same result.
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札幌に住んでいれば、毎日スープカレーを食べる。
The conditional form can be used to describe a hypothetical situation that might not be true.
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時間があれば、ぜひ遊びにけて下さい。
Because the condition and result are so tightly bound, when this form is used in an invitation, the invitation is only made if the condition is fulfilled.
Kanji
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Kanji 35
漢字 音 訓 English 学年 村 ソン むら Village 1 活 カツ Activity 2 向 コウ む-く、む-ける、む-かう、む-こう Face towards 3 拾 シュウ ジュウ、ひろ-う Pick up 3 島 トウ しま Island 3 葉 ヨウ は leaf 3 緑 リョク、（ロク） みどり Green 3 変 ヘン か-わる、か-える Change 4 捨 シャ す-てる Throw out 6 珍 チン めずら-しい…