This lesson expands on the use of こと to say you have done something, how to use たり to link verbs together, and how to use the verb なる, to become.
Morphology
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The imperative verb form
The imperative form of Japanese of verbs is constructed differently depending on whether the verb is a -ru, -u or irregular verb.
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The conditional form – verbs
The conditional form of Japanese of verbs is constructed differently depending on whether the verb is a -ru, -u or irregular verb
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The conditional form – い adjectives
The conditional form of an い adjective is made by simply changing the final い to ければ
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The conditional form – な adjectives
The conditional form of an な adjective is made by simply changing the final な to なら
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The conditional form – nouns
The conditional form of the copula is なら
Structures
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どちらですか。
Whereas どこ means “where”, どちら means “which direction”. It also more polite to use どちら。 お手洗いはどちらですか。Which way is the toilet? 学校はどちらですか。Which school do you go to?
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[Question word]の[Noun]
The structure N1[location] の N2 can be used to show that N2 was made in or by N1. これはどこの電話ですか。Where is this phone from?韓国のです。It’s from Korea.
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こ・そ・あ・ど
これ This それ That (yours) あれ That (theirs) どれ Which? このN This N そのN That N (your N) あのN That N (their N) どのN Which N? ここ Here そこ There あそこ Over there どこ Where こちら This direction そちら That direction (to you) あちら That way over there どちら Which direction?
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今一時十五分です。
To express the time, use a number constructed with 時, the counter for hours, followed by a number constructed with 分, the counter for minutes. 十時十分です。It’s ten past ten. The question word for time is made by adding the counter 時 to the question prefix 何. You can make it clearer that you’re asking for…
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わかりますか。
These may be the most useful three phrases for somebody who is just beginning to learn Japanese. わかりますか。Do you understand? いいえ、わかりません。I don’t understand はい、わかりました。Yes, I understand Note that in わかりました, the past tense is used. This usage is unlike English, and means, “Yes, I have understood.”
Usage
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私が言うとおりに…
The special noun とおり represents something that is exactly how it is described.
Kanji
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Kanji 35
漢字 音 訓 English 学年 村 ソン むら Village 1 活 カツ Activity 2 向 コウ む-く、む-ける、む-かう、む-こう Face towards 3 拾 シュウ ジュウ、ひろ-う Pick up 3 島 トウ しま Island 3 葉 ヨウ は leaf 3 緑 リョク、（ロク） みどり Green 3 変 ヘン か-わる、か-える Change 4 捨 シャ す-てる Throw out 6 珍 チン めずら-しい…
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kanji 30
漢字 音 訓 学年 Edexcel 引 イン ひ-く、ひ-ける 2 A level 定 テイ、ジョウ さだ-める、さだ-まる、さだ-か 3 A level 箱 はこ 3 予 ヨ 3 A level 置 チ、お-く お-く 4 A level 約 ヤク 4 A level 冷 レイ つめ-たい、ひ-える、ひ-や、ひ-やす、ひ-やかす、さ-める、さ-ます 4 復 フク 5 A level 机 キ、 つくえ…
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Kanji 31
漢字 音 訓 学年 Edexcel 空 クウ そら、あ-く、あ-ける、から 1 Higher 文 ブン、モン ふみ 1 Higher 園 エン その 2 Higher 業 ギョウ、ゴウ わざ 3 A level 港 コウ みなと 3 式 シキ 3 Higher 受 ジュ う-ける、う-かる 3 A level 機 キ はた 4 A level 残 ザン のこ-る、のこ-す 4 A level 卒 ソツ 4…